Decoding Environmental Design through Neuro-Architecture to Enhance Work Performance

By RISC | 1 day ago

RISC research has long focused on behavioral and psychological studies to design environments that respond to the needs and behaviors of different user groups. Over time, this work has evolved to incorporate insights from neuroscience, allowing for a deeper understanding of how human senses—sight, hearing, smell, and touch—perceive environmental stimuli before these signals are transmitted through the nervous system to the brain, where they are interpreted and transformed into emotions and feelings.This growing body of research has enabled RISC to develop a more precise understanding of human perception and apply it to architectural design. By creating environments that guide behavior, align emotional responses, and support the intended functions of specific spaces, this approach introduces what we refer to as “Neuro-Architecture.” Although the field is still emerging, it has gained increasing attention for its potential to redefine design through an evidence-based understanding of sensory perception. Beyond improving buildings, Neuro-Architecture offers a new direction for design that enhances quality of life—particularly in today’s economic climate, where environments that stimulate and improve work performance are especially valuable.This leads us to explore how Neuro-Architecture influences work performance.Workspaces are environments in which people spend a significant portion of their day—often more time than they spend at home. Ideally, these spaces should be designed to help individuals feel comfortable and supported while working. A well-designed workspace should enhance efficiency, speed, and creativity during periods of intense focus—what may be described as high-performance work—while also enabling genuine relaxation and stress reduction during rest periods, without requiring conscious effort.With this objective, the RISC research team conducted studies to identify environmental factors that influence both work performance and relaxation. The experiments employed electroencephalography (EEG) to measure electrical signals generated by brain activity, represented as brainwave patterns. These measurements were combined with virtual room simulations experienced through HTC Vive Pro virtual reality (VR) equipment, which also tracked eye movement and gaze direction. The primary aim was to identify optimal lighting conditions and correlated color temperature (CCT) values for workplace environments.The findings revealed that lighting with a correlated color temperature of 4,000K and an illuminance level of 500 lux is most suitable for workspaces. Under these conditions, participants reported the highest levels of familiarity, visual comfort, concentration, and overall satisfaction. This lighting setup also produced the lowest stress levels while enabling the fastest and most accurate task performance.In contrast, lighting with a correlated color temperature of 1,700K at 500 lux was found to be more appropriate for relaxation spaces. During rest periods, High Beta and Gamma brainwave activity was lowest under this condition. While work tasks could still be performed in such an environment, they required significantly greater effort and resulted in the highest levels of stress.A 2022 study by Dr. D. Kropman and a research team from the Netherlands compiled and synthesized evidence on seven workplace design elements that influence ten key mental health indicators among employees. The study demonstrates that environmental design can meaningfully enhance both work performance and overall well-being. Key findings include:• Workstation grouping: Arranging desks in small groups of 2–5 people increases engagement and work performance. However, larger group sizes of 6–20 people negatively affect performance, concentration, stress levels, and overall well-being.• Movement-supportive spaces (Vitality Zones): Features that encourage movement—such as exercise balls and sit–stand desks—help reduce fatigue and burnout.• Private offices: Compared to open-plan offices with constant visual exposure, private offices have positive effects on well-being, sleep quality, work performance, concentration, and stress reduction.• Workspace colors: White and blue environments positively influence work performance, mood, and stress levels, regardless of individual color preferences.• Indoor plants: Providing 1–3 plants per person or per workstation within the immediate work area can increase productivity by 3–15%, improve concentration by 10–20%, and reduce stress by 4–8%.• Access to exterior views: Workspaces with outdoor views improve sleep quality, mood, and overall well-being. Views of nature, in particular, enhance work performance and reduce fatigue and stress by approximately 4%.• Thermal comfort: Maintaining temperatures between 20–24°C, with user-adjustable variation of ±1–2°C and relative humidity levels of 40–55% RH, can improve work performance by up to 30%, concentration by 26%, reduce stress by 22%, and reduce fatigue by 20%.• Indoor air quality: According to ASHRAE standards, indoor CO₂ levels should not exceed 1,000 ppm. At concentrations of 1,000–1,400 ppm, work performance declines by 4–12%; above 1,400 ppm, performance drops by 14–24%. For every 100 ppm increase in CO₂, concentration decreases and fatigue increases by 16%.These represent only some of the many environmental factors that influence work performance. By understanding and applying these insights effectively, workplaces can deliver meaningful improvements in productivity, health, and well-being. We invite readers to reflect on their own experiences and consider how thoughtful environmental design can help create workspaces that truly support both performance and quality of life.Story by Dr. Sarigga Pongsuwan, Vice President of RISC and Head of Happiness Science HubReference byKropman, D., Appel-Meulenbroek, R., Bergefurt, L., & LeBlanc, P. (2022). The business case for a healthy office: A holistic overview of relations between office workspace design and mental health. Ergonomics, 66(5), 658–675. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2022.2108905

The Application of GIS in Supporting Well-Being Cities

By RISC | 4 days ago

Among the key trends gaining momentum this year, health has undeniably taken center stage. Today’s understanding of health extends beyond physical well-being to embrace a more holistic perspective—encompassing mental health, social well-being, and the surrounding environment. Together, these dimensions contribute to longevity with an enhanced quality of life.This shift is reflected in the way people are reshaping their daily lifestyles. Individuals are paying greater attention to regular physical activity, adopting nutrition plans tailored to their personal needs, and showing increased interest in advanced medical technologies.Yet, beyond individual choices, cities themselves play a critical role in promoting health and well-being among their populations.A Well-Being City is not defined solely by convenient access to hospitals or comprehensive public healthcare services. Rather, it requires a broad range of supporting infrastructure and elements. These include a physical environment and climate conducive to good health; outdoor spaces that encourage active lifestyles; inclusive infrastructure and public transportation systems that ensure equitable access to services; as well as opportunities for social participation, cultural engagement, and shared belief systems—all of which significantly influence mental well-being and overall quality of life.This raises an important question: How can we determine whether a city possesses the essential components to qualify as a well-being city and effectively support longevity with quality of life?Geo-informatics technology plays a vital role in answering this question. By collecting, managing, and analyzing spatial data through geospatial technologies, GIS enables precise insights that can be applied to urban planning and strategic decision-making across multiple sectors.GIS can be used to evaluate the potential of urban areas to function as well-being cities through a range of spatial indicators. These include accessibility to natural environments and green spaces within appropriate distances; heat-related risk levels based on heat index data; air quality indicators that impact public health; disaster risk exposure; proximity to mass transit systems that connect residents to essential well-being services; access to medical and preventive healthcare facilities; and population density per household.The data are analyzed using methodologies such as factor weighting and rating-based suitability scoring to assess the overall potential of an area. The resulting insights can then inform urban design strategies and support evidence-based decision-making in the planning and development of well-being cities.Story by Sirapach Mangkang, Geographic Information System (GIS) specialist, RISC  

Biodiversity Standard: Building Sustainable Ecosystems

By RISC | 1 week ago

Today’s real estate landscape, the true “value of nature” is often overlooked or unintentionally diminished as business priorities take precedence. Development commonly focuses on maximizing land for commercial gain while neglecting the natural assets lost along the way. As a result, design practices often become limited to simply meeting environmental regulations. Yet the world is giving us increasingly urgent warnings — from global warming to the accelerated loss of biodiversity — and these impacts will be unavoidable unless we change our mindset.MQDC firmly believes that when the planet loses its balance, we cannot thrive either. Real estate development is therefore more than constructing buildings; it is about “developing while restoring and regenerating nature.” Forests, food sources, and wildlife habitats are essential elements of truly sustainable development.A New Way of SeeingWhen approaching a project site, the first priority is not where buildings will stand, but recognizing “every form of life that existed there before us.” This includes the original ecosystem, trees, soil, water sources, and all animal species that depend on the area for food and shelter.The Forestias project provided MQDC and RISC with hands-on experience in creating an urban forest and functioning ecosystem. This learning evolved into a new development philosophy — one that not only minimizes harm but actively expands natural habitats and increases biodiversity beyond their original state. From this foundation, RISC developed Thailand’s first Biodiversity Standard for real estate development, built on 4 key steps: 1. Pre-project biodiversity surveyFlora and fauna specialists conduct detailed ecological assessments across all three seasons to understand year-round dynamics. This provides a complete picture of species diversity, migration routes, and ecological interactions within the project area before any development begins.2. Tree protection and animal relocationBefore construction starts, experts create a comprehensive tree relocation plan. Trees are carefully removed, nurtured off-site, and replanted during the build phase. At the same time, structured relocation efforts for aquatic animals, reptiles, turtles, and other wildlife ensure that every species is moved safely, without unintended harm or loss.3. Biodiversity-friendly designSurvey data is integrated into the master plan to restore the original ecosystem and re-establish ecological functions that may have been lost. This includes designing plant layers, selecting native species, and planning for year-on-year increases in biodiversity. These indicators become core metrics for evaluating the success of ecological design.4. Ongoing biodiversity monitoringAssessments are conducted continuously — before development, during construction, and after completion. This long-term monitoring tracks changes in plant and animal populations and helps guide improvements to green spaces, ensuring the project meets its biodiversity goals.Nature, Quality of Life, and a Legacy of SustainabilityAll of these efforts reflect MQDC’s commitment to creating not just high-quality real estate, but living environments that restore ecological balance — urban forests and wildlife habitats where people and nature can thrive together.We believe green spaces and water bodies act as “natural corridors” that revive urban biodiversity while nurturing communities where people feel deeply connected to nature. Strong family bonds, compassion, and environmental respect flourish where ecosystems are healthy.When surrounding nature thrives, MQDC communities enjoy greater well-being — and this sustainability can be passed from generation to generation. Landscapes enriched with natural diversity become more than projects; they become legacies that grow alongside people and the planet.Story by Dr. Jittapat Choruengwiwat, Senior Vice President of RISC

Unveiling the “MQDC Standard”: Design for Better Well-Being

By RISC | 1 week ago

For nearly two decades, RISC has conducted research and developed innovations driven by experts across diverse fields—architecture, engineering, science, social science, humanities, and ecology. This multidisciplinary knowledge base enables RISC to continuously translate research insights into real-world design and property development.Beyond research, another core responsibility of RISC is serving as the driving force behind the creation of MQDC’s Well-Being Standard—design standards that prioritize holistic, long-term wellness.MQDC does not simply build residences; it creates “sustainable well-being for all life,” grounded in the belief that every living being on Earth can coexist happily and sustainably. This is a profound responsibility for any city builder or property developer.Together, MQDC and RISC work to establish comprehensive standards for project design and development, advancing the concept of “Sustainnovation”—innovation for sustainability—to enhance well-being for residents, surrounding communities, the environment, society, and the world at large. MQDC’s standards are designed to elevate well-being across three main dimensions.Energy & EcologyEnergy conservation and ecosystem stewardship have long been central to MQDC’s For All Well-Being philosophy. The company prioritizes ecosystem restoration and biodiversity, supported by expert knowledge and the development of its Biodiversity Standard. MQDC also upholds a strict no-kill policy for animals—including non-lethal approaches to managing insects and pests—to avoid environmental toxins and drive innovation in ecological pest-control methods for mosquitoes, rodents, snakes, and termites.MQDC supports sustainable architectural design, earning recognition and certifications from leading institutions locally and internationally. Projects emphasize environmentally friendly materials, water and energy efficiency, and high-performance air-conditioning systems that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and heat dispersion. These efforts minimize environmental impact and support the long-term goal of becoming Nature Positive & Carbon Negative by 2050 through collaboration with partners across sectors.Health & WellnessMQDC enforces strict design standards for healthy indoor environments, combining natural ventilation with fresh-air supply systems, selecting non-toxic materials with low VOC emissions, optimizing lighting, minimizing noise, and enhancing building safety. These standards exceed legal requirements, covering slip resistance, guardrail specifications, and details that reduce accident risks and injury severity.RISC develops guidelines and management tools that respond to emerging challenges, such as COVID-Free Design and the Resilience Framework Toolkit for future crisis preparedness. MQDC also improves external air quality through the “Fahsai Air Purifier Tower,” an urban-scale innovation recognized by the public and private sectors and deployed across Thailand to help mitigate PM2.5 pollution.Senses & HappinessHuman behavior and psychology play a vital role in residential design. MQDC continuously researches sustainable happiness—creating environments that support everyday life, evoke comfort, reduce stress, and promote emotional well-being through thoughtful use of materials, colors, spatial flow, and integration with nature. These design choices are validated through scientific measurement and direct analysis of human brain responses.Research also informs new design approaches for modern living, such as forest-integrated urban concepts, Multigeneration Living Design, and Pet-Friendly Design, ensuring environments meet evolving needs.Purchasing a home is often the most significant investment in one’s life. MQDC extends its responsibility beyond construction by ensuring residents enjoy a worry-free living experience. This commitment is embodied in MQDC’s 30-Year Warranty, covering four critical systems residents cannot repair on their own: structural integrity, rainwater leakage, door and window functionality, and damage to plumbing or electrical systems. The warranty strengthens confidence in every MQDC residence and transforms design thinking by placing long-term maintenance at the forefront.Examples include plumbing layouts designed without penetrating floors below, allowing repairs without disturbing neighbors; maintenance access panels positioned in corridors outside private units; and water supply and drainage pipes installed externally so repairs and replacements can be carried out efficiently.RISC also works closely with project teams from the earliest stages to integrate MQDC Standards into design and construction. This includes continuous data collection, performance measurement, analysis, and refinement to ensure each project meets and advances these standards. Every MQDC department involved in development plays a vital role in driving learning, innovation, and improvement, reinforcing the mission of creating “sustainable well-being for all life.”From the very beginning, this commitment has been at the heart of MQDC: For All Well-Being.Story by Saritorn Amornjaruchit, Assistant Vice President, RISC

The Secret of The Forestias

By RISC | 2 weeks ago

Did you know? Behind the development of a large-scale project like The Forestias by MQDC lies more than just real estate—it is also a living learning platform.MQDC is a property developer that emphasizes applying recognized knowledge and research to real-world development, using its projects as a “sandbox” for learning and elevating construction practices in Thailand. The Forestias has therefore become a real-life learning environment for nature, bold ideas, and innovative theories that depart from conventional construction approaches. Rooted in the philosophy of harmonious living with nature, the project integrates architectural beauty with a thriving urban forest, applying the Miyawaki reforestation method—an ecological afforestation technique that imitates natural forest systems. This approach has proven successful, as seen in the forest’s significant growth over the past 4–5 years.The Forestias is more than just a forested community—it is a project that integrates scientific research beneficial to all forms of life in one place.Research integration, or the process of translating research into built reality, is at the heart of this project. Examples of research-backed environmental innovation include the enhancement of trees’ natural capabilities. RISC has studied the potential of Thailand’s climate and native tree species to generate electricity—an extension of Plant-e’s research, which produces electric energy from plant photosynthesis. Excess energy from photosynthesis is transferred to the soil and roots, where microorganisms exchange charges, creating an electrical current that can be used to power small electronic devices and lighting.Another example involves the disappearance of “fireflies,” a natural indicator of ecological health. RISC collaborated with the Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University to conserve fireflies and reintroduce them to urban areas. The research developed methods that mimic natural habitats, enabling fireflies to be raised from eggs to adulthood. It also created naturalistic “firefly homes,” selected floating plants for daytime shelter, added cattail clusters for nighttime refuge, and enhanced biodiversity within water bodies as food sources. Water quality, soil conditions, and appropriate lighting levels were also established to prevent disturbance—allowing fireflies to be released back into the natural environment within The Forestias.The Forestias thus serves as a model space where innovation and environmental conservation spark tiny yet meaningful lights—creating learning opportunities and inspiring everyone who visits.In addition, the project incorporates a wide range of embedded research insights, such as stress reduction through nature, health benefits supported by Active Design, inclusive exercise spaces for all ages, safety in design and materials, light-pollution mitigation, improved air quality for living, environmental adjustments for optimal habitat, urban heat-island reduction, and lower carbon emissions through design strategies. The project also serves as a pioneer for circular development in Thailand’s real estate industry—supporting well-being and driving global innovation. RISC firmly believes in creating real, meaningful value that benefits all forms of life.Story by Dr. Jittapat Choruengwiwat, Senior Vice President of RISCReference byhttps://www.plant-e.com/en/​https://www.facebook.com/lightpollutionthailand/videos/1033573107919046​https://www.facebook.com/riscwellbeing/photos/a.1950097545253419/2896702223926275/?type=3&locale=th_TH​

Can Toilets Affect Our Health?

By RISC | 1 month ago

If our stool can reveal insights about our health, then so can proper, clean, and hygienic toilets. Poor hygiene, inadequate sanitation, lack of access to clean water, and consumption of contaminated water can lead to diarrheal diseases. While preventable and treatable, diarrhea remains the third leading cause of death among children under five. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, over 1,000 children die from diarrhea every day, totaling more than 400,000 deaths annually.To raise awareness of the importance of hygiene and sanitation, the World Toilet Organization (WTO) established World Toilet Day on November 19, recognized by the United Nations. This day serves as a launchpad for global campaigns and aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, which aims to ensure access to clean water and sanitation for all. Target 6.2 specifically focuses on providing adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene, ending open defecation by 2030, with special attention to the needs of women, girls, and vulnerable groups.Clearly, the lack of quality toilets is not a minor issue—it is a national public health concern. Addressing it requires adequate public utilities, well-designed and maintained restrooms, and proper waste management systems.The Ministry of Public Health has introduced the National Public Toilet Standard (HAS), based on three core principles: Clean, Adequate, and Safe, to raise public toilet standards and enhance Thailand’s image. Basic requirements include:✅ Health• All areas—including floors, walls, ceilings, and mirrors—must be clean, stain-free, and dry. Doors, handles, and locks must be fully functional.• Sanitary fixtures such as sinks, faucets, urinals, toilets, bidet sprays, and flush buttons must be clean and in proper working order.• Adequate clean water supply.• Sufficient hand soap and toilet paper.• Proper ventilation and no unpleasant odors.• Trash bins with lids, clean and leak-free.• Wastewater pipes and holding tanks must be intact, with no leaks or damage.• Regular cleaning and monitoring systems in place.• A pleasant environment that supports both physical and mental well-being.✅ Accessibility• Sufficient number of toilets for all users.• Facilities must accommodate everyone, including persons with disabilities, the elderly, and pregnant women.• Public toilets must remain functional during all operating hours.✅ Safety• Toilets should not be in isolated or hidden areas.• Clear male–female separation with visible signage.• Adequate lighting.When all these standards are properly implemented, maintained, and monitored, they significantly improve access to equitable sanitation and hygiene for everyone. While many sectors have made progress, others still require greater awareness and upgrades to meet the standards.According to the 2025 Public Toilet Assessment Report by the Environmental Health Bureau, Department of Health (data as of November 4, 2025), of 7,461 public toilets assessed, 6,999 met the standards, while 462 failed, representing 6% of all assessed facilities. Buildings with the highest number of non-compliant toilets include religious sites, schools, government buildings, and restaurants—places that serve children and the elderly, who are especially vulnerable. Chart showing the results of the toilet assessment for the year 2025Source: Environmental Health Bureau, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health Public buildings are not the only concern—households must also prioritize hygiene and cleanliness. Even simple practices like handwashing are crucial. Data shows a positive trend in households having designated handwashing areas with water and soap or cleaning products—an encouraging sign that should continue with ongoing promotion and monitoring. Chart showing the proportion of the population using handwashing facilities with soap and waterSource: Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council Toilets matter. Neglecting them affects everyone’s health and well-being. Change begins at home.Story by Saritorn Amornjaruchit, Assistant Vice President, RISC

Did you know that the environment can also affect diabetes?

By RISC | 1 month ago

Many people may be unaware that diabetes is one of the world’s major non-communicable diseases (NCDs), ranking third after cancer and cardiovascular disease.Diabetes is a metabolic disorder, meaning it stems from a disruption in the body’s ability to convert food into energy. Normally, the body breaks food down into glucose, which enters the bloodstream. The hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas, acts like a key allowing glucose to move into cells to be used as energy. When the body doesn’t produce enough insulin or becomes resistant to it, glucose remains in the bloodstream instead of entering the cells, leading to high blood sugar levels.A fasting blood sugar measurement (after at least 8 hours without eating or drinking) of more than 126 mg/dL indicates diabetes. When left uncontrolled, high blood sugar can cause inflammation, damage, and eventually failure of vital organs such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, and nerves—resulting in complications like blindness, chronic kidney disease, heart attacks, or slow-healing wounds that may lead to amputation.Types of Diabetes✅ Type 1 Diabetes — Often diagnosed in children and adolescents. It occurs when the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Lifelong insulin therapy is required.✅ Type 2 Diabetes — The most common type, usually seen in adults. It develops when the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough. This form is strongly associated with lifestyle factors, including diets high in sugar and fat, overweight or obesity, lack of physical activity, chronic stress, and insufficient sleep.More than 90% of people with diabetes worldwide have Type 2 diabetes, and the number continues to rise—especially in low- and middle-income countries. This trend reflects low awareness and unhealthy eating habits.The good news is that adopting healthier daily routines can significantly reduce your risk. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adults should consume no more than 6 teaspoons of sugar per day, and children or older no more than 4 teaspoons. Adults are also encouraged to exercise regularly—at least 150 minutes per week. Yet research from Thailand’s Department of Health and the Thai Health Promotion Foundation (ThaiHealth) shows that Thais consume an average of 20 teaspoons of sugar per day, nearly three times the recommended amount.Simple Tips to Prevent Diabetes✅ The 2:1:1 Healthy Plate Rule — Divide each plate into four parts: 2 parts vegetables, 1 part grains (rice or starch), and 1 part protein.✅ Read nutrition labels before buying food or beverages to avoid high-sugar options.Did you also know that your environment can influence your diabetes risk?Recent studies show that beyond lifestyle choices, environmental factors also play a meaningful role. For example:▪ Light at Night (LAN): Exposure to light at night disrupts glucose regulation and increases diabetes risk. White light at moderate brightness (50–150 lux) causes a greater rise in blood glucose compared to dim light (5–20 lux). Consistent nighttime light exposure is linked to higher blood sugar, insulin resistance, and a greater incidence of Type 2 diabetes. Communities exposed to higher nighttime light levels show a 28% higher prevalence of diabetes than those living in darker areas.▪ Air Pollution: Pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), tobacco smoke, and particulate matter (PM) are significantly associated with increased diabetes risk. Air pollution can alter biological markers related to inflammation, glucose regulation, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial function—all of which contribute to the development of Type 2 diabetes.Every year, 14 November is observed as World Diabetes Day, a global effort to raise awareness about a chronic disease affecting more than 600 million people worldwide—with numbers still increasing.Diabetes is not a disease without hope. With the right knowledge, small lifestyle adjustments, and healthier environments—including protecting your natural circadian rhythm—it can be managed and even prevented. These changes make a profound difference in long-term health for yourself and the people you love.Content by: Supunnapang Raksawong, Sustainable Building Material ResearcherReferences1. World Health Organization (WHO). Diabetes. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes2. Siriraj Diabetes Center, Mahidol University. Healthy Plate 2:1:1. Available at: https://www.si.mahidol.ac.th/th/division/diabetes/ct_knowledgesdetail.asp?div_id=44&kl_id=343. Golden Jubilee Medical Center, Mahidol University. Healthy Living Made Simple: Just Cut Down on Sugar. Available at: https://www.gj.mahidol.ac.th/main/sweet/4. Opperhuizen, A.L., Stenvers, D.J., Jansen, R.D., Foppen, E., Fliers, E., & Kalsbeek, A. (2017). Light at night acutely impairs glucose tolerance in a time-, intensity- and wavelength-dependent manner in rats. Diabetologia, 60(7), 1333–1343.5. Zheng, R., Xin, Z., Li, M., et al. (2023). Outdoor light at night in relation to glucose homoeostasis and diabetes in Chinese adults: a national and cross-sectional study of 98,658 participants from 162 study sites. Diabetologia, 66, 336–345.6. Li, Y., Xu, L., Shan, Z., Teng, W., & Han, C. (2019). Association between air pollution and type 2 diabetes: an updated review of the literature. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism.

Let’s Build a City of Kindness — Where Everyone Belongs

By RISC | 1 month ago

Did You Know? In Thailand, there are millions of persons with disabilities, yet only a small proportion can live freely and safely. The main challenge often doesn’t lie in their abilities but in the environments around them, which still fall short of supporting truly independent living. According to data from the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Ministry of Social Development and Human Security (as of April 30, 2025), there are 2,242,693 persons with disabilities in Thailand, accounting for 3.39% of the population.The most common types of disabilities include Physical or mobility impairments: 51.98%, Hearing or communication impairments: 19.28%, Visual impairments: 7.65%, Mental or behavioral impairments: 7.34%, Among all working-age persons with disabilities, only 24.26% are employed.In Thailand, disabilities are categorized into seven types — visual, hearing or communication, physical, mental or behavioral, intellectual, learning, and autism spectrum disorder. Some individuals experience multiple disabilities at once, making daily life even more challenging.Why Should We Understand Different Types of Disabilities? Because awareness empowers us to design spaces that respond to diverse needs and ensure equal access to everyday life. Imagine a city where buildings and public spaces are designed so that everyone — including persons with disabilities — can live independently and enjoy equal opportunities.So how can we make daily life easier and more inclusive?Here are some key inclusive design ideas for different types of impairments: Design for Persons with Physical Disabilities: Spaces and facilities should enable smooth mobility and accessibility. Floors should be level throughout; if changes in level occur, ramps should be provided with a maximum slope of 1:12. Sliding doors are preferable. Corridors and doorways should be at least 90 cm wide with no obstructions. Turning spaces should have a diameter of at least 150 cm. Handrails should be continuous, 4 cm in diameter, and 80–90 cm high from the floor. Design for Persons with Visual Impairments: Most individuals use a white cane to detect obstacles. Walkways should be at least 120 cm wide. Braille signs should be placed 120–150 cm above floor level for easy reach. Use tactile paving — dotted patterns for warnings and linear patterns for directional guidance. Sound cues are essential, such as beeping traffic lights, elevator floor announcements, and auditory alerts for hazards. Design for Persons with Hearing Impairments: When sound cannot be used, visual or tactile signals become vital. Include text captions with any video or audio messages. Use color codes or symbols to indicate important areas. Replace auditory alarms with flashing lights or vibration alerts. Provide subtitles or sign language interpretation in videos or films. Design for Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Since individuals may be hypersensitive or hyposensitive to stimuli, spaces should be calm and non-overstimulating. Use warm light tones and conceal direct light sources. Avoid strong scents or air fresheners. Choose soft materials to minimize noise and injury risk. Use furniture with rounded edges or add padding to sharp corners. Maintain clean, smooth surfaces to reduce sensory triggers. Provide quiet rooms for emotional regulation when overstimulated. National Day of Persons with Disabilities — November 8, this day celebrates the value and dignity of persons with disabilities, promoting equality and inclusion across society. Everyone deserves equal rights and opportunities.At RISC and MQDC, we continue to champion inclusive design and raise awareness of environments that work for everyone. Through MQDC’s design standards, we strive to ensure that every individual can live confidently, safely, and independently — a true reflection of our vision for a “Kindness Society” that cares for all.For more information on inclusive design: https://asa.or.th/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/BAEDRFA.pdf or https://surl.li/igydxeStory by Dr. Sarigga Pongsuwan, Vice President of RISC and Head of Happiness Science Hub​ References byDepartment of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Ministry of Social Development and Human Security (2025)Nuanwan Thuaycharoen (2022). Designing Homes for Children with Autism, Center of Universal Design, Kasetsart UniversityAssociation of Siamese Architects under Royal Patronage (2014). Guidelines for Universal Design

Do Dogs Howl Because They See Ghosts Or Are They Trying to Tell Us Something?

By RISC | 1 month ago

When it comes to spooky stories, a dog’s howl often makes us wonder… is it howling because it sees a ghost, or is there another reason?While the sound of a dog howling at night can give us goosebumps and spark our imagination about the supernatural, the reality is usually much simpler. Dogs may howl naturally in response to environmental stimuli like sounds or smells, or due to emotions such as loneliness, anxiety, hunger, or even physical discomfort.So, what can we do to prevent our dogs from howling? The first step is to understand the cause — only then can we address it effectively. Wicket Door – If your dog often howls or scratches at the door wanting to go outside to play or relieve itself, consider installing a specially designed wicket door. This allows your dog to move freely between the room, balcony, or designated toilet area without waiting for you to open or close the door. Soundproof Walls – Dogs with sensitive hearing may react to every little sound — from other dogs howling in the neighborhood, music from next door, nighttime sirens, to high-frequency noises humans can’t hear. In such cases, soundproof walls are essential. Thicker walls or added insulation can minimize unwanted noise from outside. For those living in condominiums or shared buildings, dogs may bark or howl when they hear footsteps in the hallway if the unit wasn’t designed with sound insulation in mind. When choosing a condo, it’s worth checking that the walls provide good soundproofing. As a guideline: Walls between a unit and a corridor should have a Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating of at least 45 (e.g., 15 cm thick lightweight concrete walls). Walls between residential units should have an STC rating of at least 50 (20 cm thick lightweight concrete walls). For superior performance, an STC rating of 55 is recommended (e.g., double-layer lightweight concrete walls with an air gap, totaling 25 cm in thickness). Soundproof Doors – Doors can also transmit noise. To reduce sound, choose solid-core doors or doors with built-in soundproof insulation. For best results, install rubber seals around the edges and bottom to block any gaps where sound could pass through. Ventilation Systems to Reduce Odors – Unpleasant smells inside or outside the home can cause discomfort or anxiety in dogs, triggering barking or howling. Adequate windows for natural ventilation help disperse odors. Even better, mechanical ventilation or an air-exchange system can quickly eliminate unwanted smells and improve indoor air quality. The most effective way to prevent unexplained howling is through attentive care and affection. When dogs feel loved and secure, they are far less likely to feel anxious or lonely. Pay close attention to their behavior — if signs of illness or distress appear, take them to the vet promptly. Ensure their well-being through proper food, clean water, regular exercise, and time outdoors. Access to nearby green spaces also allows dogs to burn energy happily while enjoying quality time with their owners.If you need to be away during the day, it’s important to give your dog some freedom — a chance to walk around, enjoy the view, and breathe fresh air. This helps them relax, relieve stress, and reduce anxiety.Sharing a happy living space nurtures not only emotional well-being but also contributes to better physical health — for both you and your pets.As for the supernatural — who’s to say what’s real? But next time you hear a dog howling at night, don’t be alarmed or annoyed. Instead, take a moment to check if something might be wrong — with your own dog or perhaps a neighbor’s. After all, that howl might be their way of communicating or asking for help.Whizdom The Forestias Petopia — a forest-view condominium surrounded by 30 rai of greenery — is thoughtfully designed with a deep understanding of both pet and owner lifestyles. Features such as a Wicket Door for pet freedom, double-layer soundproof walls, sound-insulated doors with Door Seal and Drop Seal systems, and an ERV and Fresh Air Fan to keep indoor air clean and fresh all come together to create a home where both you and your pets can truly share happiness.Story by Saritorn Amornjaruchit, Assistant Vice President, RISC

From “Vegetarianism” to Designing a Sustainable Way of Life

By RISC | 2 months ago

When we think of the Vegetarian Festival, we often associate it with a time of abstaining from meat and animal-based products. The tradition began as a way to minimize harm and avoid disturbing the lives of animals. It also stems from the ancient Chinese belief that during this nine-day, nine-night period, deities descend to protect and bless those who observe the precepts. Traditionally, this practice honors seven Buddhas of the past and two Bodhisattvas, nine divine beings in total.Today, as people place greater emphasis on their health and well-being, the Vegetarian Festival has become a symbolic starting point for those looking to reduce meat consumption and embrace more plant-based foods. It serves as both a motivator and a shared experience — a moment of connection among friends and families who take part together.On the physical health front, meals made from vegetables, fruits, and grains help reduce saturated fat intake while increasing dietary fiber, supporting digestion and lowering the risk of chronic diseases. Research indicates that a diet rich in legumes can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by up to 21% and lower cancer-related mortality by 11%. At the same time, shifting away from meat-based diets can help cut greenhouse gas emissions by as much as 20.2 million tons, promoting both personal and planetary health.Beyond the physical benefits, following a vegetarian diet cultivates self-discipline and mindfulness with every meal. A calm, conscious mind forms the foundation of well-being — encompassing not only physical health but also emotional balance and social harmony. It also nurtures compassion and respect for all living things, key elements of holistic well-being for both body and mind.More importantly, vegetarianism reflects the idea of “designing sustainable behaviors.” Even a small step such as practicing vegetarianism for nine days a year — can make a measurable difference. According to the United Nations (UN), adopting a plant-based diet can reduce an individual’s carbon footprint by 5.75 kilograms of CO₂ per day. Over nine days, that adds up to about 50–55 kilograms of CO₂ — a tangible reduction compared to a typical meat-inclusive diet.Yet beyond the numbers, this practice nurtures awareness and intention — encouraging people to make choices that benefit both their health and the environment. In the context of well-being, sustainable behavior design isn’t about temporary change; it’s about laying the foundation for lasting, meaningful habits — such as choosing fresh, nutritious foods, being mindful of ingredient sources, and reducing resource waste. Together, these actions reflect a genuine effort to live more consciously and sustainably.The Vegetarian Festival, therefore, is far more than a cultural tradition. It represents a small yet powerful beginning — a catalyst for transforming everyday living into a more meaningful, balanced, and sustainable way of life. When we realize that “every choice is a design,” we can turn this annual practice into a lifelong journey toward true sustainability — for our body, mind, society, and the planet.Story by Wacharakorn Maneechote, Sustainable Designer, Well-Being Research Integrations, RISC References byhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323000686 ​https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/19/8228​https://www.un.org/en/actnow/food​